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Finally, various multimodal imaging modalities with OCT incorporated are reviewed, in that these multimodal implementations can synergistically compensate for the fundamental limitations of OCT when it is used alone.

Besides the technical improvements, several functional and contrast-enhancing OCT applications have been investigated, among which the label-free angiography shows great potential for future studies. In addition, parallelization of OCT detection, such as line-field and full-field OCT, has shortened the acquisition time even further by establishing quasi-akinetic scanning. This is largely owing to the resolution improvements by a factor of 10 to the submicron regime and to the imaging speed increase by more than half a million times to more than 5 million A-scans per second, with the latter one accomplished by the state-of-the-art swept source laser technologies that are reviewed in this article. In the last 25 years, optical coherence tomography (OCT) has advanced to be one of the most innovative and most successful translational optical imaging techniques, achieving substantial economic impact as well as clinical acceptance. 5.2.3 Outlook of OCT/photoacoustic imaging.5.2.2 Challenges of OCT/photoacoustic imaging.5.2.1 Implementations of dual-modality OCT/photoacoustic imaging system.5.2 Dual-Modality Optical Coherence Tomography and Photoacoustic Imaging.5.1 Hybrid OCT with Fluorescence and Nonlinear Microscopy.5 Multimodal Optical Coherence Tomography.3.1 Full-Field Time Domain Optical Coherence Microscopy/Tomography.3 Parallelization of Optical Coherence Tomography-Pushing Imaging Speed Limits.2.6 Exalos AG, Schlieren, Switzerland (Exalos Inc., Pennsylvania).2.3 Insight Photonics Solutions Inc., Lafayette, Colorado.(NTT-Advance Technology Corp.), Tokyo, Japan 2.1 Axsun Technologies Inc., Massachusetts (“a Volcano Company”).